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New England Confederation

Author: Commissioners of Massachusetts, Plymouth, Connecticut, and New Haven
Date: May 19, 1643
Type: Intercolonial-treaty

New England Confederation (1643)

Introduction

Formed in May 1643, the New England Confederation united four Puritan colonies—Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut, and New Haven—in a defensive and cooperative alliance. It was the first formal attempt at colonial unity in North America.


Core Provisions

  • Established a league of friendship among member colonies
  • Created an eight-member council with two commissioners per colony
  • Authorized joint action on defense, Indian affairs, and intercolonial disputes
  • Required six votes to pass resolutions
  • Held annual meetings in rotating locations

Impact and Legacy

The Confederation laid the groundwork for colonial cooperation, especially during King Philip’s War, and influenced later efforts at unity. Though short-lived, it marked a key step toward American federalism.


Sources:
Wikipedia – New England Confederation
Britannica – New England Confederation
American History Central – New England Confederation

Founders:

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